Storage, NVMe Boot and Backups

10 Lektionen in dieser Stufe

1. Why SD Cards Wear Out and How to Slow It
   Explain flash wear and reduce unnecessary writes. · Lab: Measure writes per hour with iostat and cut them by moving logs and temp files to RAM.
2. Partitions, Filesystems and fstab
   Create, format and permanently mount storage by UUID. · Lab: Partition a USB drive, format it ext4 and mount it at boot through fstab.
3. Booting from a USB SSD
   Start a Pi 4 or Pi 5 from USB storage instead of the card. · Lab: Flash an SSD in a USB enclosure and boot from it with no card inserted.
4. The Pi 5 PCIe Connector and M.2 HATs
   Fit an NVMe drive and confirm the system detects it. · Lab: Install the M.2 HAT and flat cable, then verify the drive with lspci and lsblk.
5. Bootloader EEPROM Settings and Boot Order
   Read and change bootloader configuration and update its firmware. · Lab: Update the bootloader and set the boot order to try NVMe, then USB, then SD.
6. Migrating a Running System from SD to NVMe
   Clone the installation and expand it without reinstalling. · Lab: Copy the system to NVMe, fix partition identifiers and boot with the card removed.
7. Benchmarking Storage and PCIe Gen 2 Versus Gen 3
   Measure sequential and random performance and judge stability. · Lab: Run fio on card, USB SSD and NVMe, then test Gen 3 mode and check for errors.
8. File-Level Backups with rsync Snapshots
   Keep space-efficient daily snapshots using hard links. · Lab: Script nightly snapshots to a USB drive with a seven-day retention and a timer.
9. Encrypted Off-Device Backups with restic
   Send deduplicated, encrypted backups to another machine. · Lab: Back up container volumes and config to a second computer and prune old snapshots.
10. Full-Image Backups and a Timed Restore Drill
    Capture a bootable image and prove you can recover. · Lab: Image the system, wipe a spare drive, restore onto it and record the time to recovery.

Abschlussprojekt

An NVMe-booted home server running your Compose stack, with nightly snapshot backups, an encrypted off-device copy and a timed, documented restore.

Teile für diese Stufe

• 1 × Raspberry Pi 5 set from Level 1
• 1 × M.2 NVMe HAT for Raspberry Pi 5
• 1 × NVMe SSD M.2 2230 or 2242, 256 GB
• 1 × USB 3.0 to SATA or NVMe enclosure
• 1 × USB SSD or hard drive for backups
• 1 × Spare microSD card for recovery

In jeder Lektion legst du die passenden Teile direkt in den Warenkorb. Raspberry Pi →