Beginner Sensors and Data Logging

10 Lektionen in dieser Stufe

1. Digital Versus Analog Signals and Why the Pi Has No Analog Input
   Tell the two signal types apart and know which sensors need extra hardware. · Lab: Sort the modules in a sensor kit into digital, analog and bus-based by reading their pins.
2. Level Shifting 5 V Signals with a Voltage Divider
   Reduce a 5 V output to a safe 3.3 V input with two resistors. · Lab: Build a 1 k / 2 k divider, feed it 5 V and confirm about 3.3 V with a multimeter before connecting a pin.
3. Measuring Distance with an Ultrasonic Sensor
   Time an echo pulse and convert it into distance with DistanceSensor. · Lab: Wire an HC-SR04 through a divider and print the distance to a moving book.
4. Reading Temperature from a DS18B20 on the 1-Wire Bus
   Enable the 1-Wire interface and read a sensor from its system file. · Lab: Turn on 1-Wire in raspi-config, wire the probe with a 4.7 k pull-up and read the temperature in Python.
5. Estimating Light Level with an LDR and a Capacitor
   Measure an analog quantity by timing how fast a capacitor charges. · Lab: Build the LDR-capacitor circuit and read relative brightness with LightSensor.
6. Tilt, Vibration and Flame Modules from a Sensor Kit
   Use comparator-based modules that give a simple digital output. · Lab: Wire three kit modules as digital inputs and set each threshold trimmer.
7. Timestamps and Sampling Intervals
   Sample at a steady rate and label each reading with reliable time. · Lab: Take a reading every five seconds for two minutes and check the spacing does not drift.
8. Logging Sensor Readings to CSV
   Write structured rows with headers that a spreadsheet can open. · Lab: Log three sensors to one CSV file and open it on your laptop.
9. Smoothing Noisy Readings with Averages and Medians
   Reduce jitter and reject outliers without hiding real changes. · Lab: Apply a moving average and a median filter to ultrasonic data and compare the results.
10. Plotting Logged Data with matplotlib
    Turn a CSV log into a labelled chart saved as an image. · Lab: Plot a day of temperature and light with two y-axes and save it as PNG.

Abschlussprojekt

A room logger that records temperature, light level and distance every minute to CSV and produces a daily chart as an image file.

Teile für diese Stufe

• 1 × Raspberry Pi 5 or Pi 4 set from Level 1
• 1 × Breadboard and jumper wire set from Level 6
• 1 × Ultrasonic distance sensor HC-SR04
• 1 × DS18B20 temperature sensor (waterproof probe)
• 1 × Resistor kit including 1 k, 2 k and 4.7 k ohm
• 2 × Photoresistor (LDR)
• 2 × Ceramic capacitor 1 uF
• 1 × Sensor module kit with tilt, vibration and flame modules

In jeder Lektion legst du die passenden Teile direkt in den Warenkorb. Raspberry Pi →