Motors, Drivers and HATs

10 Lektionen in dieser Stufe

1. Switching Loads with Transistors and MOSFETs
   Use a transistor as a switch for loads a GPIO pin cannot drive. · Lab: Switch a 12 V fan or LED strip from a GPIO pin through a logic-level MOSFET.
2. Flyback Diodes and Inductive Kickback
   Protect a switch from the voltage spike of a coil or motor. · Lab: Add a diode across a motor and compare the switch-off spike with and without it on a logic analyzer or scope.
3. Relay Modules and Safe Isolation
   Choose and wire a relay module and understand what isolation means. · Lab: Switch a 12 V lamp with an opto-isolated relay module; no mains voltage is used.
4. Driving DC Motors with an H-Bridge Driver
   Control direction and speed with a driver board and gpiozero's Motor class. · Lab: Run a gear motor forwards, backwards and at three speeds from a separate supply.
5. Positioning Hobby Servos Without Jitter
   Set servo angle from pulse width and calibrate the end points. · Lab: Sweep a servo, tune min and max pulse widths and note any twitching.
6. Many Servos from a PCA9685 PWM Driver
   Offload PWM generation to a dedicated I2C chip for steady signals. · Lab: Drive two servos on a pan-tilt bracket from a PCA9685 with its own 5 V supply.
7. Stepper Motors: Geared Unipolar and NEMA 17 Bipolar
   Step a motor precisely and set a driver's current limit. · Lab: Rotate a 28BYJ-48 exactly one turn, then drive a NEMA 17 through an A4988 after setting Vref.
8. Separate Motor Supplies, Common Ground and Decoupling
   Design power wiring so motors do not reset the Pi. · Lab: Reproduce a brown-out with shared power, then fix it with a separate supply and capacitors.
9. How HATs Identify Themselves: EEPROM, HAT+ and Stacking
   Explain the HAT standard and check pin conflicts before stacking boards. · Lab: Read a HAT's EEPROM information from the system and plan a two-board stack on paper.
10. Fan Control and Thermal Management on Pi 4 and Pi 5
    Keep the processor inside its temperature limits under sustained load. · Lab: Run a stress test with and without cooling and plot temperature against time.

Abschlussprojekt

A joystick-controlled pan-tilt camera head with a relay-switched 12 V lamp, powered from a separate supply with a shared ground.

Teile für diese Stufe

• 1 × Raspberry Pi 5 or Pi 4 set from Level 1
• 1 × Breadboard and jumper wire set
• 3 × Logic-level N-channel MOSFET
• 1 × NPN transistor and 1N4007 diode assortment
• 1 × Relay module 1-channel 3.3 V compatible, opto-isolated
• 2 × DC gear motor 6 V
• 1 × Dual H-bridge motor driver (TB6612FNG type)
• 2 × Micro servo SG90
• 1 × PCA9685 16-channel PWM driver
• 1 × Stepper motor 28BYJ-48 with ULN2003 driver
• 1 × NEMA 17 stepper motor with A4988 driver
• 1 × 12 V 2 A DC power supply with barrel jack adapter
• 1 × 5 V 3 A step-down (buck) converter
• 1 × Pan-tilt bracket for two micro servos
• 1 × 12 V DC fan or LED strip as a low-voltage load

In jeder Lektion legst du die passenden Teile direkt in den Warenkorb. Raspberry Pi →